World Bank Study Urges Chinese Market Reforms

Posted February 27th, 2012 at 3:30 am (UTC-5)
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A new report says China’s rapid economic growth is unsustainable unless the country makes major free-market reforms.

World Bank President Robert Zoellick released an executive summary of the report, which was jointly prepared by World Bank and Chinese experts. Zoellick said Monday in Beijing that the study had the full support of top leaders including Vice President Xi Jinping, who is slated to assume China’s top posts in the coming months.

Zoellick said the study finds China’s economy is at a turning point where the central role of state enterprises must be reduced to make room for private companies. The study also urges the government to provide better protection for the rights of farmers whose land is at risk and of migrant workers seeking jobs in the cities.

“Currently China relies on a mix of market and non-market measures to shape incentives for producers and consumers. There is a lack of clarity in distinguishing the roles of the government, state enterprises and the private sector. China needs to resolve these issues. Among specific reforms is the residency permit system – the Hukou. Priority should be given to protect farmers rights over agricultural land, expanding land registration and rental rights. The Chinese economy of the future needs to rely more on markets and the private sector.”

Other recommendations call for China to shift away from its emphasis on exports and encourage more domestic consumption. The report says private banks should be allowed to play a larger role, and interest rates should be determined by market forces.

Xie Xuren, the Chinese finance minister, said at the same news conference that China is committed to pressing ahead with major structural reforms.

“We want to push forward hard the structural reforms of our economy. We should regard the expansion of the domestic demand as the strategic base point of the structural reforms. A long-term system must be established so as to accelerate the transition of the economy, relying on a more balanced stimulation by consumption, investment and export.”

He said China should consider the expansion of domestic demand as the key to those reforms.

The report projects China’s economic performance through the year 2030. It predicts the growth rate will slow from the 10-percent-a-year growth of the last three decades to between 5 and 6 percent.