Mexico’s Carstens Takes IMF Bid to India

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 7:25 pm (UTC-5)
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Mexican Central Bank Governor Agustin Carstens is due in India Friday to press his case to become the next head of the International Monetary Fund.

Carstens is expected to hold series of meetings in New Delhi similar to his rival, France's Christine Lagarde. She met Tuesday with Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee in New Delhi but failed to win their support.

The 55-year-old Lagarde has said that if elected, she will push reforms to give emerging countries more influence at the lending institution.

During a recent visit to Brazil, Carstens said that Latin American countries deserve greater representation at the IMF.

The IMF is expected to announce the candidates for its top post by June 17 and the final selection will be made by June 30.

Former IMF leader Dominique Strauss-Kahn of France resigned last month following his arrest in New York on charges of sexual assault. Strauss-Kahn has said he is innocent.

US Man Arrested For Allegedly Aiding Somali Militants

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:45 pm (UTC-5)
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The U.S. Justice Department says another man has been charged in the state of Minnesota with providing assistance to Somalia's al-Shabab militants.

Ahmed Mahamud was arrested Thursday in Ohio and is expected to be sent to Minnesota to face the indictment.

Prosecutors allege Mahamud conspired to provide both money and fighters for the al-Qaida-linked al-Shabab, which the U.S. government has designated a terrorist group.

More than 20 young men have traveled from Minnesota to Somalia in recent years, allegedly to train with al-Shabab.

At least 18 people have been charged in Minnesota during a U.S. investigation into the recruitment efforts.

Al-Shabab has controlled much of Somalia's capital, Mogadishu, and large sections of central and southern Somalia for at least three years. The Somali government and African Union forces, however, have retaken parts of Mogadishu in an offensive that began in February.

Al-Shabab is trying to overthrow the United Nations-backed government and set up a strict Islamic state.

Gates Tells NATO Allies Not to Rush Out of Afghanistan

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:45 pm (UTC-5)
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Outgoing U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates has urged NATO allies not to rush out of Afghanistan as the United States prepares to begin its own withdrawal next month.

Gates, who is retiring on June 30, attended his final meeting of NATO defense ministers in Brussels Thursday. He said substantial military progress is being made on the ground, but warned that those gains could be threatened if the transition to full Afghan government control of security is not made in a deliberate, organized and coordinated manner.

NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen refused to commit to either timelines or figures for a pullout Thursday, but stressed that there would be no rush for the exit in Afghanistan by NATO or its partners. He said operations in Afghanistan remain a “key operational priority” for the alliance and predicted the Afghan government will take full control of security by 2014.

U.S. President Barack Obama remains committed to beginning a troop pullout from Afghanistan in July, but it is unclear just how many U.S. personnel will go.

Meanwhile in Afghanistan, many Afghans watched with concern as the U.S. Congress debated the future of international assistance in their country.

Many Afghans are worried that the West may leave too quickly and abandon them like the U.S. did after the Soviet withdrawal in 1989. The move ultimately led to civil war and the rise of the Taliban.

Some Afghans who spoke to VOA also expressed criticism that the foreign community is focusing too much on security and war fighting and too little on providing long-term opportunity for them.

Chicago Businessman Convicted of Terrorism but Not Mumbai Attacks

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:40 pm (UTC-5)
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A U.S. jury has found a Chicago businessman guilty of terrorism, including participating in a plot to attack a Danish newspaper that published controversial cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad.

The jury Thursday also found Tahawwur Rana guilty of providing material support to the Pakistani militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba.

But the jury in Chicago found Rana innocent of the most serious charge against him. After two days of deliberations, the jury cleared the Pakistani-born Canadian of involvement in the 2008 Mumbai attacks that killed 166 people

Rana had been accused of helping David Coleman Headley scout targets in Mumbai before the attacks. The prosecutor said the two were recorded by the FBI shortly after the Mumbai attacks discussing the raid and possible new targets in India and Denmark.

Headley, a Pakistani-American, has already pleaded guilty to terrorism charges and was the U.S. government's star witness in Rana's trial.

Rana has denied all the charges.

In testimony last month, Headley also said the Pakistani terrorist group that carried out the attacks, Lashkar-e-Taiba, received help from Pakistani intelligence.

India has long accused Pakistan of harboring the militants who carried out the Mumbai attacks.

Headley He agreed to testify against Rana as part of a plea bargain and told jurors he used Rana's immigration firm as a cover when he traveled to India.

Rana has lived in Chicago for years and has denied the charges against him.

Italy Threatens to Take Brazil to ICJ Over Fugitive

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:40 pm (UTC-5)
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Italy has threatened to take Brazil to the International court of Justice after the South American country released from prison a former communist guerrilla wanted by Rome in connection with four murders.

Cesare Battisti left a high-security Brazilian prison Thursday, a day after Brazil's Supreme Court rejected Italy's request for his extradition and ordered his release.

Italian Foreign Minister Franco Frattini said Italy plans to immediately activate every possible judicial mechanism to have Battisti extradited.

Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi called the decision regretful and President Giorgio Napolitano said it contradicts the historical friendship between Brazil and Italy.

Italian prosecutors have charged Battisiti with four murders dating from the 1970s when he was a member of an armed communist movement. He denies the accusations.

The former left-wing militant had been on the run since the 1980s when he escaped from an Italian prison while awaiting trial. A court convicted him in absentia of two of the murders.

Battisti was arrested in Brazil in 2007 at the request of Interpol. Brazil granted him refugee status in 2009 on the basis that he could face political persecution if extradited.

Former Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva last year also denied Italy's request for his extradition.

Battisti faces possible life in prison if returned to Italy.

UN Launches Global Plan to Eliminate Pediatric AIDS

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:20 pm (UTC-5)
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The United Nations is launching a new initiative to significantly reduce the number of children born with HIV around the world by 2015.

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said Thursday developed nations have successfully eliminated mother-to-child HIV transmissions, by treating women while they are pregnant. He said this proves mother-to-child transmissions can be stopped in the developing world as well.

The U.N. leader said mothers everywhere deserve the same treatment options to protect themselves and their children.

In 2009, some 370,000 babies were born with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Nearly all of them were born in sub-Saharan Africa. The U.N. wants to reduce that number by 90 percent in the next four years.

The plan calls for increasing access to anti-retroviral drugs and other prevention services for mothers and children, integrating health care services for women, and empowering women to take charge of their health and that of their children.

The new program was announced Thursday, during high-level meetings at U.N. headquarters on the international response to HIV and AIDS. The United States pledged $75 million for the new initiative.

The French news agency reports this week's U.N. AIDS summit also will set a goal of getting anti-retroviral drugs to 15 million HIV-positive people by 2015, which would more than double the number of people currently receiving life-saving treatment.

Rwandan President to Visit US Diaspora Convention

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:05 pm (UTC-5)
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Rwanda's government says President Paul Kagame will attend a convention in Chicago on Friday and Saturday for the Rwanda diaspora.

A statement from the Rwandan Foreign Ministry says more than 3,000 Rwandans living in North America plan to attend the convention in the United States.

It says the gathering will focus on the progress Rwanda has made more than 17 years after the country's 1994 genocide.

The ministry says the convention will also examine investment and employment opportunities as well as education and land access in Rwanda and across East Africa.

President Kagame is widely credited with helping to end Rwanda's 1994 genocide and bringing stability to the country. Some rights groups, however, say his government has instituted a climate of repression, including restrictions on free speech.

During Rwanda's 1994 genocide, extremist Hutus killed an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus.

Karzai Travels to Pakistan for 2-Day Visit

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 6:05 pm (UTC-5)
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Afghan President Hamid Karzai travels to Pakistan Friday for a two-day visit aimed at strengthening bilateral ties.

A Pakistani Foreign Office said President Asif Ali Zardari invited Mr. Karzai, who is expected to hold talks with Mr. Zardari and Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani.

A Foreign Office statement said “Pakistan and Afghanistan enjoy close cordial relations and President Karzai's visit will contribute to further enhancing friendship and close cooperative ties between the two brotherly people and countries.”

A joint peace commission is also scheduled to meet during Mr. Karzai's visit.

The talks are likely to focus on efforts to negotiate peace with the Taliban, cooperation in the war against terror and expanding trade and business ties.

Yemen Braces for Rival Protests as Saleh Leaves Intensive Care

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 5:45 pm (UTC-5)
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Yemen is preparing for rival protests Friday after officials said President Ali Abdullah Saleh has been moved out of intensive care at the Saudi military hospital where he is being treated for wounds suffered in last week's attack on his compound.

Saudi and Yemeni officials in Riyadh said Thursday that Mr. Saleh's condition had stabilized and that he would have cosmetic surgery in the coming days.

The embattled leader has not been seen since he was flown for medical treatment to Saudi Arabia.

U.S. and Yemeni officials say Mr. Saleh's wounds from the bomb attack at the presidential compound are far more severe than first disclosed, raising doubts about his return to power. But a Yemeni government website said Thursday his injuries were minor and announced that preparations for his return were under way.

Army units and loyalists in many areas of the capital, Sana'a, fired shots in the air in celebration and Yemen's ruling party said it will organize a “Friday of Loyalty” demonstration. Anti-government protesters also called supporters to take to the streets.

Yemeni authorities said government troops have killed at least 12 suspected al-Qaida members in southern Abyan province as the nation struggles with a militant Islamist insurgency in the wake of Mr. Saleh's departure.

Meanwhile, The New York Times newspaper reported that the U.S. government has intensified its covert war in Yemen in recent weeks, deploying armed drones and fighter jets to attack militant suspects seeking to exploit Yemen's turmoil.

The Times cited U.S. officials as saying that after nearly a year-long pause, the U.S. has accelerated its campaign in an attempt to keep al-Qaida-linked militants from consolidating their strength.

The report says that last Friday, American jets killed a mid-level al-Qaida operative, Abu Ali al-Harithi, and several other militant suspects in a strike in southern Yemen.

Weeks before, drones fired missiles aimed at Anwar al-Awlaki, the radical American-born Islamist cleric whom the U.S. has been trying to kill for more than a year. He survived the attack.

Mr. Saleh authorized American missions in his country in 2009, but placed limits on their scope and has said publicly that all military operations have been conducted by Yemeni troops.

Nearly 400 people have been killed since a popular uprising against Mr. Saleh began in January.

Studies: More Vaccines Could Save Billions of Dollars, Millions of Lives

Posted June 9th, 2011 at 5:20 pm (UTC-5)
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New research says 6.4 million lives could be saved in the next 10 years by boosting childhood vaccination rates in the poorest countries.

The three studies, published Thursday, said this would also save $6.2 billion in treatment costs and a further $145 billion in long-term productivity gains.

The studies, published in Thursday's Health Affairs, examined the potential impact if at least 90 percent of children in 72 of the world's most impoverished nations were vaccinated against preventable diseases like whooping cough, tetanus, measles, and pneumococcal pneumonia.

One researcher, Meghan Stack, says the findings give a better sense of the economic benefits of investing in vaccine programs. Another researcher, Helen Saxenian, says major assistance from international donors would likely be necessary to help the poorest nations reach all of their children with life-saving vaccines.

These vaccinations are routinely given in developed countries, but are often too expensive for developing nations.

Several major drug companies this week pledged to cut their prices for some vaccines delivered through the donor-funded Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, or GAVI.

The United Nations estimates that 8 million children around the world die before their fifth birthday. About 1.7 million of them die from vaccine preventable diseases.

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